{
 "no": 12,
 "id": "case-12",
 "sk": 20200928,
 "year": 2020,
 "date": "Sep 2020",
 "cat": "Policy misfire",
 "sev": "amber",
 "title": "Labour codes. Worker protections gutted in silence",
 "stamp": "Passed amid opposition boycott",
 "human": {
  "v": "A rising share of the workforce pushed into insecure, easily-terminated contracts",
  "est": true
 },
 "cost": {
  "v": "Weakened job security and collective bargaining for millions",
  "est": true
 },
 "what": "Twenty-nine labour laws were folded into four codes, raising the threshold for firing workers without permission, expanding fixed-term contracts and tightening the rules for legal strikes.",
 "dodge": "The codes were passed while much of the opposition was absent or suspended, with almost no debate on provisions that hand bargaining power decisively to employers, and then left in years of limbo through stalled implementation.",
 "ministers": [
  {
   "n": "Santosh Gangwar / Bhupender Yadav",
   "r": "Labour Ministers"
  }
 ],
 "pos": "The government says the codes simplify compliance, ease business and formalise jobs.",
 "alt": "Match any hiring flexibility with portable social security and real unemployment support, agreed through genuine tripartite consultation.",
 "sources": [
  {
   "label": "PRS: overview of the four labour codes",
   "url": "https://prsindia.org/billtrack/overview-of-labour-law-reforms",
   "tier": 2,
   "archiveUrl": "http://web.archive.org/web/20260721160252/https://prsindia.org/billtrack/overview-of-labour-law-reforms"
  },
  {
   "label": "Trade unions call labour codes anti-worker",
   "url": "https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/labour-codes-anti-worker-say-trade-unions/article61723537.ece",
   "tier": 2
  }
 ],
 "caseUrl": "https://whoisresponsible.xyz/case/case-12/"
}